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Àΰ£ °Ô³ðÀÇ Copy Number Variation°ú À¯ÀüÀÚ Áúȯ

Understanding Of Epigenetics And DNA Methylation

¿ÀÁ¤È¯, Ichiro Nishimura,
¼Ò¼Ó »ó¼¼Á¤º¸
¿ÀÁ¤È¯ ( Oh Jung-Hwan ) - °æÈñ´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ±¸°­¾Ç¾È¸é¿Ü°úÇб³½Ç
 ( Ichiro Nishimura ) - ¹Ì±¹ UCLA Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ º¸Ã¶Çб³½Ç

Abstract

Àΰ£ °Ô³ðÀÇ DNA¼­¿­ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â °³°³ÀÎÀÇ Æ¯À̼ºÀ» ÀǹÌÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¿°±â¼­¿­ÀÇ º¯È­´Â Áúº´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼ö¼º, ¾à¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀ µî °³ÀÎÀÇ ¼ºÇâ¿¡ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°Ô µÈ´Ù. Àΰ£ °Ô³ð¿¡´Â ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ÇüÅÂÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû º¯ÀÌ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö¸¸ ±× Áß ´ÜÀÏ¿°±â´ÙÇü¼ºÀÌ Àΰ£ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû, Ç¥ÇöÇüÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ÁÖµÈ À¯ÀüÀû º¯ÀÌ·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾úÀ¸³ª ÃÖ±Ù À¯Àüü Àüü ºÐ¼®¹ýÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ¸·Î 1 kb ÀÌ»ó Å©±âÀÇ CNVÀÇ ¹ß°ßÀ¸·Î °³Ã¼°£ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ´Ù¾ç¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ¸¹Àº ÀÌÇØ°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, ÁøÈ­¿Í À¯Àü Áúȯ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ CNVÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÇöÀç Àΰ£°Ô³ðÀÇ CNV¸¦ ã¾Æ³»°í Ư¼ºÈ­ ÀÛ¾÷À» ¸ñÇ¥·Î ÇÏ´Â The Copy Number Variation Project¸¦ À§ÇØ The Wellcome Trust Institute (Hinxton, United Kingdom), Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto), University of Tokyo (Tokyo), Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA), ±×¸®°í Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women¡¯s Hospital (Boston, MA) µîÀÌ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Â international consortiumÀÌ ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î º¸´Ù ½Éµµ ÀÖ´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ ÁøÇàµÇ°í, ¶ÇÇÑ ÇâÈÄ Áøº¸µÈ DNA microarray-based technology¿Í ¼­¿­È­ ±â¼úÀÇ °³¹ß·Î Àΰ£ °Ô³ð »óÀÇ ¸ðµç À¯ÀüÀû º¯À̸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í Æ÷°ýÀûÀÎ CNV Áöµµ¸¦ ¿Ï¼ºÇÏ°í Àΰ£ À¯ÀüÀÚ ´Ù¾ç¼º Àΰ£ÀÇ ÁøÈ­, À¯ÀüÀû Áúȯ °³ÀÎ ¸ÂÃãÇü ÀÇÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ÀÌÇØ¿Í ¿¬±¸°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëµÈ´Ù.

Genetic variation in the human genome occurs on various levels; from the single nucleotide polymorphism to large, microscopically visible chromosome anomalies. It can be present in many forms, including variable number of tandem repeat (VNTRs; e.g., mini- and microsatellites), presence/absence of transposable elements (e.g., Alu elements), single nucleotide polymorphisms, and structural alterations (e.g., copy number variation, segmental duplication, inversion, translocation). Until recently SNPs were thought to be the main source of genetic and phenotypic human variation. However, the use of methods such as array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) have revealed the presence of copy number variations(CNVs) ranging from kilobases (kb) to megabases (Mb) in the human genome. There is great interest in the possibility that CNVs playa role in the etiology of common disease such as HIV-1/AIDS, diabetes, autoimmune disease, heart disease and cancer. The discovery of widespread copy number variation in human provides insights into genetic variability among populations and provides a foundation for studies of the contribution of CNVs to evolution and disease.

Å°¿öµå

Genetic variation;Single nucleotide polymorphism;SNP;Copy number variation;CNV

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